Royals in Medals #6: The Prince of Wales

Charles, HRH the Prince of Wales, KG, KT, GCB, OM, AK, QSO

Prince Charles was born on 14 November 1948, the eldest child of the then Princess Elizabeth and the Duke of Edinburgh.  At birth he was second in line to the throne and styled HRH Prince Charles of Edinburgh.  On the death of his grandfather, George VI, in 1952 and the accession of his mother to the throne, Charles became heir apparent and took the titles Duke of Cornwall, Duke of Rothesay, Earl of Carrick, Baron of Renfrew, Lord of the Isles and Prince and Great Steward of Scotland.  He was created Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester on 26 July 1958, though he was not invested until ten years later.  I shall blog about Charles' investiture and the title Prince of Wales another time.

He was educated at Cheam, Buckinghamshire, and then Gordenstoun, Moray, (whose harsh regime he is supposed to have disliked intensely).  He spent two terms in of Geelong Grammar School in Victoria, Australia, which started his love of Australia (in the 1970s he was touted as a potential Governor-General).  In 1967 he went up to Trinity College, Cambridge, where he studied archaeology and anthropology; he also spent some time at the University College of Wales, Aberystwyth.

Charles undertook pilot training with the RAF, qualifying in jets, before joining the Royal Navy.  He served on surface ships, before qualifying as a helicopter pilot with the Fleet Air Arm.  He commanded the minesweeper HMS Bronington in 1976.

The Prince of Wales is seen as somewhat worthy heir to the throne.  Although he had enjoyed his period as 'the world's most eligible batchelor', by the time he married Lady Diana Spencer he was seen as old-fashioned and out-of-touch.  This was no doubt due to the influence of his 'uncle' Earl Mountbatten, who installed a self-image somewhat at odds with modern life.  Attempts for him to lighten up appeared (and can still appear) embarrassing and stilted. The disastrous marriage to Diana did little to improve Charles' image, and it is only in recent years with the apparent rapport he has with his sons and the support of his second wife that he is seen to have relaxed.

Prince Charles is forthright in his views, not shy of speaking out for causes he believes in (particularly in the environmental field)  He has at times been accused of interference and crossing constitutional lines.  He supports many charities, most notably through his foundation The Prince's Trust.

Honorary Military Appointments

Prince Charles has held the honorary ranks of Field Marshal, British Army, Admiral of the Fleet, RN, and Marshal of the Royal Air Force since June 2012.

United Kingdom

Colonel-in-Chief, Parachute Regt

Several of these units (indicated by the span dates of Charles' appointment) are no longer in existence.

• Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Regiment of Wales,1969–2006
• Colonel, Welsh Guards
• Colonel-in-Chief of the Cheshire Regiment, 1977-2007
• Colonel-in-Chief of the Gordon Highlanders, 1977-1994
• Colonel-in-Chief of the 2nd King Edward VII's Own Gurkha Rifles (The Sirmoor Rifles), 1977-1994
• Colonel-in-Chief of the Parachute Regiment
• Colonel-in-Chief of the 5th Royal Inniskilling Dragoon Guards, 1985-1992
• Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Dragoon Guards
• Colonel-in-Chief of the Army Air Corps
• Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Gurkha Rifles
• Deputy Colonel-in-Chief of the Highlanders (Seaforth, Gordons and Camerons), 1994-2006
• Royal Honorary Colonel of the Queen's Own Yeomanry
• Colonel-in-Chief of The Queen's Dragoon Guards
• Colonel-in-Chief of the King's Regiment, 2003-2006
• Colonel-in-Chief of the Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment), 2003-2006
• Royal Colonel of the Black Watch, 3rd Battalion, The Royal Regiment of Scotland
• Royal Colonel of the 51st Highland, 7th Battalion, The Royal Regiment of Scotland
• Colonel in Chief of the Mercian Regiment
• Honorary Air Commodore of Royal Air Force Brawdy, 1977-1992
• Honorary Air Commodore of Royal Air Force Valley
• Commodore-In-Chief of Plymouth, Royal Naval Command
• Honorary Commodore of Her Majesty's Coastguard

Australia

• Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Australian Armour Corps

Canada

• Colonel-in-Chief of Lord Strathcona's Horse (Royal Canadians)
• Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Winnipeg Rifles
• Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Regiment of Canada
• Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Canadian Dragoons
• Colonel-in-Chief of the Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada
• Colonel-in-Chief of the Toronto Scottish Regiment (Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother's Own)
• Colonel-in-Chief of the Air Reserve Group
• Honorary Commissioner of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police

In the uniform of the Royal Pacific Islands Regt

New Zealand

• Air Commodore-in-Chief of the Royal New Zealand Air Force

Papua New Guinea

• Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Pacific Islands Regiment

Orders, Decorations and Medals

Orders

Order of the Garter
Royal Knight, 1958.  Prince Charles automatically became a member of the order on his installation as Prince of Wales, but was not installed until 17 June 1968.

Order of the Thistle
Extra Knight, 1977

Order of the Bath
Great Master and Principal Knight Grand Cross (GCB), 1975

Order of Merit
Member, 2002










Commonwealth Orders


Australia.  Order of Australia
Knight (AK), 1981
As Charles was not an Australian citizen, his appointment would have required the award to be honorary. As future sovereign of the order, this was felt to be inappropriate.  To overcome this issue, an enabling amendment to the constitution of the order was made. Hence, the Prince of Wales is a full member in the General Division, not an honorary appointment (as is the Duke of Edinburgh).

New Zealand.  Queen's Service Order
Extra Companion (QSO), 1983

Malawi.  Order of the Lion

Grand Commander, 1985

 

Saskatchewan.  Order of Merit
Hon Member (SOM), 2001










Papua New Guinea.  Order of Logohu
Royal Chief, 2005

Commemorative Medals


 Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal 1953  
  Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal 1977
  Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal 2002
  Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal 2012
  New Zealand Commemorative Medal 1990
Fiji Independence Medal 1970
Papua New Guinea Independence Medal 1975
  Nepal, King Bihendra Coronation Medal 1975
The Netherlands, Queen Beatrix Inauguration Medal 1980

Long Service Awards

  Canadian Forces Decoration (CD), with two clasps, 1982
New Zealand Armed Force Award, 2012

Wearing insignia of the Order of St Olav (Norway)

Foreign Awards

• Finland.  Order of the White Rose - Commander Grand Cross, 1969.
• Japan.  - Order of the Chrysanthemum - Grand Cordon, 1971.
• Netherlands. Order of the Crown Grand Cross, 1972.
• Denmark.   Order of the Elephant - Knight, 1974.Nepal.  Order of Ojaswi Rajanya  - Grand Cross, 1975.
• Sweden. Royal Order of the Seraphim - Knight, 1975.
• Ghana. Order of the Star of Ghana - Honorary Companion, 1977.
• Norway. Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav - Grand Cross with Collar, 1978.
• Brazil. National Order of the Southern Cross - Grand Cross, 1978.
• Egypt.  Order of the Republic- Grand Cross and Collar, 1981.
• Netherlands. Order of Orange-Nassau - Knight Grand Cross, 1982.
• France. National Order of the Legion of Honour  - Grand Cross, 1982.
• Bahrain. Order of al-Khalifa - Grand Cross, 1986.
• Qatar.  Order of Merit - Collar, 1986.
• Spain. Royal and Distinguished Spanish Order of Carlos III - Grand Cross, 1986.
• Saudi Arabia. King Abdul Aziz Order of Merit - Distinguished First Class, 1987.
• Kuwait. Order of Mubarak the Great - Grand Cordon, 1993.
• Portugal. Order of Aviz - Grand Cross, 1993.

Diana, Princess of Wales

 

Diana Frances Spencer was born on 1 July 1961 at Sandringham, Norfolk, fourth child of Viscount Althorp (who became 8th Earl Spencer in 1975).  Her family was particularly disfunctional, and Diana had a unhappy childhood both before and after the divorce of her parents. 

The Spencers  rented a home on the Sandringham Estate, and Diana was a playmate of Princes Andrew and Edward.  Prince Charles had a relationship with Diana's sister, Sarah.  Her engagement to the Prince of Wales was announced in February 1981, and they were married in St Paul's Cathedral by Archbishop Runcie on 29 July 1981.

The couple had two children:-

• William Arthur Philip Louis (now Duke of Cambridge) - born 21 June 1982
• Henry Charles Arthur David ('Harry') - born 15 September 1984

Diana was a devoted and demonstrative mother, traits which did much to boost her popularity with a public used to the public coolness displayed by the royal family.  In many respects, she was a breath of fresh air.  She was an extremely active member of the royal family until her separation from Prince Charles in December 1992, after which she reduced her official duties.  However, these did continue until her death and, in addition, she used her high profile in support of charities and other causes close to her heart.

Despite the official announcement of their separation describing it as 'amicable', this was far from the case.  Charles and Diana had been ill-suited on many levels, and difficulties had soon arisen.  Both had affairs, and each blamed the other for the break-up of the marriage - a battle of proxies soon started in the press.  Negotiations for divorce were started in 1995 and finalised in August 1996.  As part of the settlement, Diana lost the style 'Her Royal Highness', but remained a Princess of the United Kingdom.

Diana was killed on 31 August 1997 following a car crash in the Pont de l'Alma road tunnel in Paris.  Her death was followed by an outpouring of public grief.  Her funeral took place on 6 September 1997 in Westminster Abbey, and she was buried in the family estate at Althorp.

With the Royal Family Order and the Order of the Crown

Honorary Military Appointments

• Colonel-in-Chief of the Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment
• Colonel-in-Chief of the Light Dragoons
• Honorary Air Commodore, RAF Wittering

Orders, Decorations and Medals

Orders

Royal Family Order of Queen Elizabeth II

Foreign Awards

• The Netherlands.Order of the Crown, Dame Grand Cross, 1982
• Egypt. Order of the Virtues (or Order of Al-Kamal), Supreme Class, 1982

 

Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall

Camilla Rosemary Shand was born on 17 July 1947, the daughter of Maj Bruce Shand, MC, and the Hon Rosalind Cubitt (eldest child of Roland Calvert Cubitt, 3rd Baron Ashcombe).  Much has been made of the fact that her maternal great-grandmother, Alice Keppel, was one of King Edward VII's long-term mistresses.

She was educated in London, Switzerland and Paris, and came out as a debutante in 1965.

Camila and Prince Charles started a relationship in 1970, and Charles is reported to have wanted to marry her, being dissuaded by Louis Mountbatten, who had his own dynastic hopes.  In July 1974 she married Major Andrew Parker Bowles of the Royal Horse Guards (The Blues) and a former boyfriend of Princess Anne.  The wedding was attended by Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, Princess Margaret and Princess Anne.  Parker Bowles was later Lt-Col Commanding the Household Cavalry (Silver Stick in Waiting to HM the Queen) and, from 1990, a brigadier.  The couple had two children and divorced in 1995; Camila and Charles had renewed their relationship in the late 1980s.

Camilla's role as Charles' mistress became public knowledge in 1992, the Princess of Wales famously declaring that 'there had been three of us in this marriage, so it was a bit crowded' and she became a hate-figure, particularly in the hysteria following Diana's death.  Prince Charles however, declared that their relationship was 'non-negotiable' and the couple settled into an unofficial partnership.  After a period of 're-habilitation' following Diana's death, it was announced in February 2005 that the couple were engaged.  The marriage took place on 9 April 2005 with a civil ceremony at Windsor Guildhall followed by a religious blessing at St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle.

Following  the marriage, Camilla became de jure Princess of Wales, but chooses not to use the title 'out of respect' to her predecessor, and instead uses the feminine form of her husband's highest-ranking subsidiary title, the Duke of Cornwall.  The question of Camilla's title was the subject of some controversy among the followers of Diana and the tabloid press: this extends to the title she will use if Charles succeeds to the throne, and it is the currently stated intention that she be styled 'Princess Consort' (though, of course, she will be de jure queen consort).

Camilla has proved herself adept in her royal role and as companion and support to her husband.

Honorary Military Appointments

United Kingdom

• Royal Colonel of the 4th Battalion of The Rifles
• Honorary Air Commodore of RAF Halton
• Honorary Air Commodore of RAF Leeming
• Commodore-in-Chief of the Naval Medical Services
• Commodore-in-Chief Naval Chaplaincy Service
• Lady sponsor of HMS Astute

Inspecting the Queen's Own Rifles of Canada

Australia 

• Colonel-in-Chief, The Royal Australian Corps of Military Police

Canada

• Colonel-in-Chief, The Queen's Own Rifles of Canada

Orders, Decorations and Medals

Orders



Royal Victorian Order
Dame Grand Cross (DCVO), 9 April 2012





Royal Family Order of Queen Elizabeth II
30 October 2007

Commonwealth Orders

Papua New Guinea.  Order of the Star of Melanesia
Companion (CSM), 3 November 2012










Commemorative Medals

  Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal 2012
  Commemorative Medal for the Centennial of Saskatchewan 2005

Edit - 14 Nov 2012

New Zealand Armed Force Award added to Prince Charles awards.

Remembrance

 

I don't normally post just to bump up past entries, but on this Remembrance Day, I think it's worth pointing to a couple of posts just in case you missed them first time around:-

The soldiers of 2/1 RNZIR Battalion performing their Unit haka in salute to fallen comrades

Some notes on Siegfried Sassoon, WHR Rivers and Craiglockhart Hospital

And here are highlights from services around the world

Bishop Casartelli of Salford

Louis Charles Casartelli, Bishop of Salford

Louis Charles Casertelli was born in the Cheetham area of Manchester on 14 November 1852 the eldest child of Joseph Casartelli, an optician, who had come to England in 1834 from Tavernerio near Lake Como.  Casartelli elder had established a family firm of scientific instrument manufacturers and was a friend of the Manchester physicist James Joule.

Louis was the second child to enroll  at the Salford Catholic Grammar School, where he shone, it being said of him that he 'was as wax to receive and marble to retain'.  He had a particular talent for languages - he is supposed to have set himself to learn Flemish, 'as there was nothing else to do one afternoon'.  By the time he entered the seminary at Ushaw, he was fluent in French, German, Italian, Spanish and Flemish.  At Ushaw he won the Gold Medal for Classics and was awarded an MA degree externally from London University.  He then went on the Catholic University of Louvain where, along with his theological studies, he specialised in Eastern languages.

He was ordained priest by Bishop Vaughan of Salford (later Cardinal Archbishop of Westminster) in September 1876 and was attached to the teaching staff of St Bede's College, Manchester (becoming rector of the college in 1891).  In 1884 he gained a doctorate in Oriental Literature from Louvain.  He lectured at Louvain and Manchester University on Iranian languages and was offered a post at Oxford University (though was prevented from accepting it by the hierarchy).

When he was nominated for the vacant see of Salford in 1903, he wrote to Cardinal Vaughan and traveled to Rome in a futile attempt to decline the post.  During his episcopate confessions went up by over 50%; there were 90 additional priests, 24 new parishes, 14 secondary and central schools and 7 new religious communities.

Cathedral Church of St. John the Evangelist, Salford

He stood out as an intellectual at a time when it was often felt that Catholics came from poorly-educated stock.  Vaughan saw the need for someone of his intellectual ability and vision at a high level in the Church in England. He was founder and president of the Manchester Dante Society and the Manchester Egyptian Association, the president of the Manchester Statistical Society and a supporter many other societies. In 1918 he was elected an Honorary Member of the Royal Asiatic Society.

During the First World War, he worked on the behalf of Belgian and other refugees, and was later instrumental in the rebuilding of the library and collections of the University of Louvain, which had been destroyed during the war.  He was a correspondent of the the Prefect of the Vatican Library, Cardinal Ratti (later Pope Pius XI), hosting his visit to England and introducing him to British academic libraries.

Bishop Casartelli suffered from poor health - he wintered every year at Westcliffe-on-Sea, almost inevitably catching bronchitis.  He died at Bishop's House, Salford, on 18 January 1925 at the age of 73 and is buried in Moston Cemetery, Manchester.

This Week's Interesting Obits

Ries Leming, GM

No obits that caught my interest this week - the press haven't caught up with the death of Ries Leming last weekend yet.

There's an article here by Harry de Quetteville, the Obits Editor of the Daily Telegraph about life and death on the Obits Desk.  Naturally, they have a new book of Telegraph obits out for Christmas.

Books and Stuff

A weekly round-up of my book news.

What I've been reading...

Carrying on with Darwin's Armada. I've really quite enjoyed reading about Hooker and Huxley - I must dig out a book on the Ross expedition.

On the fiction front, I've carried on with The Voyage of the Space Beagle and started Jim Butcher's Grave Peril, another from the Dresden Files.

First appearance of the short story

As my post on retrofuturism proved so popular, I thought I'd share some covers from old editions of The Voyage of the Space Beagle.

The book, which was first published in 1950, was a 'fix-up' of a number of short stories, the first of which - 'Black Destroyer' - appeared in Astounding Science Fiction for July 1939.  One of the stories was allegedly the inspiration for Alien, and van Vogt got a pay-off from 20th Century Fox after threatening to sue.

Lots more versions of the cover here.

First edition of the novel

The less interesting (to me) 1977 version I own.

What I've bought...

Gail Carriger, Souless - 30p
Stieg Larsson, The Girl With the Dragon Tattoo - 30p
Leon Tolstoy, War and Peace - £1.75

Siegfried Sassoon, The War Poems - 95p

Herodotus, Snakes with Wings and Gold-Digging Ants - 95p

Bernard Ireland, The Fall of Toulon - £1.99
Paul Jordan, The Atlantis Syndrome - £1.99
Marilyn B. Ogilvie, Searching the Stars: The Story of Caroline Herschel - £1.99

And finally...

I've been introduced to goodreads.com.  By me listing the books I own and rating those I've read they've produced some interesting recommendations for me to look out for.  I've also been 'befriended' by one of the authors I've rated, which is an interesting situation!

A Word in Support of Movember

November is Movember - a campaign encouraging the growing of moustaches during the month to raise awareness of prostate cancer and other male health initiatives.  "Movember aims to fulfil its vision of having an everlasting impact on the face of men’s health, by continuing to spark conversation and spread awareness of men’s health each year."

The movement started in Melbourne, Australia (where else!), in 2004 and is now world-wide. 

The rules are simple:

Once registered at movember.com each Mo Bro must begin the 1st of Movember with a clean shaven face. For the entire month each Mo Bro must grow and groom a moustache. There is to be no joining of the mo to the sideburns (that’s considered a beard), there’s to be no joining of the handlebars to the chin (that’s considered a goatee) and each Mo Bro must conduct himself like a true gentleman.

Sam

The funds raised in the UK are directed to programmes run directly by Movember and their men’s health partners, Prostate Cancer UK and the Institute of Cancer Research - elsewhere the causes include battling depression, which as we know is a major male health issue.

I'm not taking part, but I'm supporting Sam King and his team, who are.  This is a good cause - find out more about the UK campaign here (or use Google to find something country-specific) and please do consider making a donation.

Royals in Medals #5: The Duke and Duchess of Kent

HRH The Duke of Kent, KG, GCVO. GCMG

Edward George Nicholas Paul Patrick, was born in London on 9 October 1935.  He was the eldest child of Prince George, Duke of Kent (the younger brother of King George VI and King Edward VIII) and Princess Marina, the daughter of Prince Nicholas of Greece. He has two younger siblings: Prince Michael of Kent and Princess Alexandra.  At birth he was seventh in line to the throne, and as the grandson in the male line of a monarch, was granted the style of Prince and Royal Highness: he succeeded to the title Duke of Kent on the death of his father on active service in 1942.

He was educated at Eton and La Rosary in Switzerland and then entered the Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst , where he won the Sir James Moncrieff Grierson prize for foreign languages and qualified as an interpreter of French.  He was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Royal Scots Greys in 1955. In 1970 he commanded a squadron of his regiment serving in Cyprus  as part of the UN peacekeeping force.  The Duke retired from the Army in 1976 with the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel.  He was subsequently promoted to Field Marshal in June 1993.

The Duke has been a very active member of the Royal Family, holding many patronages.

Honorary Military Appointments

United Kingdom

• Colonel, of the Scots Guards
• Colonel-in-Chief, of the Royal Regiment of Fusiliers
• Colonel-in-Chief, of the Devonshire and Dorset Regiment
• Colonel, 1st Battalion, of The Rifles
• Deputy Colonel-in-Chief, of the Royal Scots Dragoon Guards
• Honorary Air Commodore, of the RAF Leuchars 

Canada

• Colonel-in-Chief, of The Lorne Scots (Peel, Dufferin and Halton Regiment)

The Duke holds the honorary ranks of Field Marshal in the Army and Air Chief Marshal in the RAF

In the robes of the Order of St Michael and George

Orders, Decorations and Medals 

Orders

  

 

Order of the Garter
Royal Knight, 1985





Royal Victorian Order
Knight Grand Cross (GCVO), 1960






Order of St Michael and St George
Knight Grand Cross (GCVO)
Grand Master of the Order from 1967






Campaign Medals

  United Nations Medal (UNFICYP)

Commemorative Medals

King George VI Coronation Medal, 1937
Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal 1953  
  Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal 1977
  Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal 2002
  Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal 2012

The Duke represented the Queen during independence celebrations in several former colonies.  He holds the following commemorative medals

  Sierra Leone Independence Medal, 1961

Guyana IndependenceMedal, 1966

He may hold the following

Uganda Independence Medal, 1963, and medals issued to mark Gambia's Independence and Ghana's 50th Independence Anniversary Celebration

Long Service Awards

  Canadian Forces Decoration (CD), with two clasps

Foreign Awards

• Greece,Knight Commander of the Order of Saints George and Constantine
• Nepal, Member 1st Class of the Order of Tri Shakti Patta (Three Divine Powers) or Jyotirmaya-Subikhyat-Tri-Shakti-Patta
• Liberia, Knight Grand Band of the Order of the Star of Africa
• Jordan, Grand Cordon of the Supreme Order of the Renaissance
• Norway, Grand Cross of the Order of St Olav
• Poland, Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland
• Sweden, Knight of the Order of Charles XIII 

 

Duchess of Kent and Family

The Duke of Kent married Katharine Worsley, only daughter of Sir William Arthrington Worsley, Bart, on 8 June 1961. 

They have three children, none of whom carries out royal duties:

• George, Earl of St Andrews, born 26 June 1962
• Lady Helen Taylor, born 28 April 1964
• Lord Nicholas Windsor, born 25 July 1970

Following decades of ill-health, the Duchess does not undertake royal duties, and lives separately from her husband.  For many years she taught music to primary children.

The Duchess converted to Roman Catholicism in 1994, though this did not affect the Duke's place in the line of succession due to the Act of Settlement 1701, in that she was an Anglican at the time of their marriage. The couple's son Lord Nicholas also converted, loosing his right of succession to the throne.

Honorary military appointments

• Colonel-in-Chief, of The Prince of Wales's Own Regiment of Yorkshire
• Deputy Colonel-in-Chief, of Adjutant General's Corps
• Deputy Colonel-in-Chief, of Royal Dragoon Guards
• Deputy Colonel-in-Chief, of Royal Logistic Corps

The Duchess holds the honorary rank of Major-General.

Orders, Decorations and Medals

Orders

Royal Victorian Order
Dame Grand Cross (GCVO), 9 June 1977 (Queen Elizabeth's Silver Jubilee)





Royal Family Order of Queen Elizabeth II,1969

Commemorative Medals

  Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal 1977
  Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal 2002
  Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal 2012

Retrofuturism - The World of Tomorrow, Yesterday!

While working as a Google-drudge for The Wife - she is moving on from Steampunk and now wants to explore Dieselpunk - I discovered a new genre 'Atompunk', and found a nice blog, the Dark Roasted Blend.  It could be about coffee, but it's not.  According to its strap-line, it's focused on 'weird and wonderful things', but what appeals to me is it's strong streak of retrofuturism.  From there, we get to Dreams of Space, 'non-fiction children's books about space flight from 1945-75'.

I'm off for a good browse...

A little while ago, I complained that the UK distributor of Hydra Miniatures had run out of their 28mm Robot Legion figures.

This week I was pleased when a parcel arrived (what over on the British Medals Forum is termed 'the Jiffy Bag Dance') and out popped 'Opito'.  Now I want to find someone who does the guys in the top photo!

Edward Stanley, Bishop of Norwich

Edward Stanley, was born in London on 1 January 1779, the second son and seventh child of Sir John Thomas Stanley, sixth baronet, of Alderley Park, Cheshire, and  his wife Margaret Owen (a Welsh heiress).  His elder brother, John Thomas, was first Baron Stanley of Alderley, and father of Edward John Stanley, second Baron Stanley and first Baron Eddisbury.

Edward's initial hopes were to enter the Royal Navy, but his family refused to allow that.  Accordingly, he was educated at St John's College, Cambridge and ordained in 1802.  In 1805 the family patronage was used to appoint him Rector of Alderley, a post he held until his appointment as Bishop of Norwich in 1837.  Here he took a great interest in the schools in his parish and the Church's social role: founding temperance societies, mechanics' institutes, and statistical societies.

He was an active naturalist, publishing A Familiar History of Birds, their Nature, Habits, and Instincts in 1836 and studied geology.  He was elected an Fellow of the Royal Society and President of the Linnean Society.

Norwich Cathedral

In 1837 he was nominated by Lord Melbourne to the Bishopric of Norwich, vacant by the death of the notoriously indolent Bishop Bathurst.  Here he proved himself an energetic bishop in the new Victorian mold - plurality was clamped down on and ecclesiastical discipline enforced.  He had 173 new parsonages built, doubled the number of schools and rendered them more efficient. The examinations for ordination were carefully conducted, and Stanley made himself personally acquainted with the previous career of every candidate.

He was a frequent attendee of the House of Lords, frequently speaking in support of Whig policies, such as Catholic relief, toleration of dissenters and, notably, the ragged school movement.  His political liberalism put him at odds with his diocese, but he was held in high personal regard.


In August 1849 he started for a tour in Scotland with his wife and daughters. At Brahan Castle in Rosshire he was taken ill, anddied from congestion of the brain on 6 September 1849.  His body was brought by sea from Invergordon to Yarmouth, and was buried in the nave of Norwich Cathedral, which also has a fine window in his memory.  The last time I saw it, his memorial was hidden by stackable chairs and the debris of modern worship.

Family

Stanley married Catherine (1792-1862), eldest daughter of the Revd Oswald Leycester in 1810.  They had had five children; Owen, Mary, Arthur, Charles and Catherine, each one of whom is of interest in their own right.

HMS Terror in the ice, by Owen Stanley

Owen Stanley (1811-1850) was an officer in the Royal Navy and noted explorer.  He spent four years as a midshipman surveying South America, 1826-30, and was a Lieutenant on HMS Terror, during its 1836-37 expedition to the northern part of Hudson Bay. The ship barely survived the winter, at one point being forced 40 ft up the side of a cliff by the ice. In the spring of 1837 an encounter with an iceberg further damaged the ship, which was in a sinking condition by the time the captain was able to beach the ship on the coast of Ireland at Logh Swilly.

In 1846 Owen sailed for Australia as captain of HMS Rattlesnake, with the purpose of surveying the seas around the Great Barrier Reef and Torres Strait.  Junior naturalist on the ship was T.H. Huxley, soon to be known as 'Darwin's Bulldog'.  The bishop, as President of the Linnaean Society, was instrumental in having Huxley's early papers published. Owen would send cases of bird and shell specimens back home, where the family would assemble in the front hall of the palace to open the treasure chest, and would marvel at a little oppossum in a bottle. Owen died on his ship in 1850 and was buried in Sydney.

Mary Stanley (1813-1879) worked to support poor women.  She had a home in Norwich for factory girls and trained them in the production of lace.  In 1854, she went to the Crimea in charge of fifty nurses under Florence Nightingale.   In 1856 she converted to Catholicism, in the second wave of 'Puseyite perversions'.  She worked closely with Henry Edward Manning, continued with her philanthropic work, establishing savings clubs, an industrial laundry and creating employment for soldiers' wives in the production of army uniforms. During the Lancashire 'cotton famine' of 1861she helped Mrs Gaskell distribe aid to the unemployed weavers.

Arthur Penrhyn Stanley (1815-1881) became Dean of Westminster, and will almost certainly earn a 'Dead Bishops' blog entry of his own.

Charles joined the Royal Engineers, and was stationed at Hobart, Tasmania (then Van Diemen's Land). He died suddenly in 1849 from gastroenteritis - he, his father and his brother Owen all died within eight months of each other.

Catherine Maria married the Revd Charles John Vaugham, headmaster of Harrow School and Dean of Llandaff. She died in 1899.

So Much To Do, So Little Time...

The Daily Telegraph is reporting on a new book by Stuart Laycock, All the Countries We've Ever Invaded: And the Few We Never Got Round To.

In it Laycock has worked his way around the globe, through each country alphabetically, researching its history to establish whether, at any point, they have experienced an incursion by Britain  He claims that of the 200 countries, only 22 haven't had some sort of attack by British forces.

Those (as yet) untouched are

• Andorra
• Belarus
• Bolivia
• Burundi
• Central African Republic
• Chad
• Congo, Republic of
• Guatemala
• Ivory Coast
• Kyrgyzstan
• Liechtenstein
• Luxembourg
• Mali
• Marshall Islands
• Monaco
• Mongolia
• Paraguay
• Sao Tome and Principe
• Sweden
• Tajikistan
• Uzbekistan
• Vatican City

Royals in Medals - Prince Charles Interim Report

It will be a while before I do a proper Royals In Medals entry on Prince Charles and the Duchess of Cornwall, if only because of their complexity.  However, I think it worth noting a development during their current tour of Papua New Guinea.

Prince Charles has received the Grand Companion of the Order of Logohu and Camilla the Grand Companion of the Order of the Star of Melanesia.  As we've already seen, the Orders were established in 2005, with Princess Anne being the first recipient of the Order of Logohu (at the same time Sir Timothy Lawrence was the first recipient of the Order of the Star of Melanesia).

The gentleman with them is Papua New Guinea's Governor General, Sir Michael Ogio, GCMG, CBE - he's also wearing insignia of the Order of Logohu as well as his GCMG star.

See here for more on the PNG honours system

Laika - A True Pioneer

Laika - Space Pioneer

Today is the anniversary of the 1957 launch of Sputnik 2, which carried the first living being into orbit a mere month after the launch of Sputnik 1, the world's first artificial satellite.  This was more by accident than design.  Following the successful launch of Sputnik 1, Premier Khrushchev contacted the space programme's Chief Designer, S.P. Korolev, and the demanded a 'spectacular' in order to mark the 40th anniversary of the October Revolution - only three week's away!

Accordingly, on 9 October, Pravda declared that "The Soviet Union will launch a sputnik carrying animals as passengers.  Detailed observations will be made of their behaviour".
Sputnik 2 was a rough-and-ready adaption of Sputnik 1, adding a container used in the geophysical flights of the previous year and added a cosmic ray detector (the flight produced significant data on the Van Allen Belt).

Whereas NASA preferred to use experimental apes in its space programme, the Soviet Union used dogs - it had a history of utilising them in research going back beyond the physiologist Pavlov.  There was a whole series of 'space dogs' used throughout the 1950s and 60s.

Laika (the name translates as 'Barker' but is a Russian name for a type of small dog) was a mongrel bitch.  She had been a stray in Moscow when captured and was selected for the mission because of her even temperament.  Her trainers nicknamed her Kudryavka ('Little Curly'), and she was generally referred to in the American press as 'Curly'.  Training included confinement in small spaces, sessions in centrifuges and the simulation of loud noises and vibration.  There is no doubt that this caused severe discomfort to the space dogs (as was also the case with the apes used NASA and other animals sent into space).

Statute of Laika in Star City

Officially, Laika suffered no ill-effects during the flight and died a week into the mission when the air ran out (there was never any intention of returning the module).  This caused widespread protest in the West from animal welfare groups.  However, it was reveled in 2002 that in reality the insulation had come free at orbital insertion, causing a rapid rise in temperature and a painful death for Laika five to seven hours into the flight.

The heroic portrait of Laika heading this blog is by Phineas X. Jones and can be seen on his website.

This Week's Interesting Obits

It's been a while since I posted this feature - basically because nothing has caught my interest.  But we're back...

 

Tom Smith (d. 3 Oct 2012).  Aeronautical engineer - designer of MUSTARD, the British space shuttle.
Daily Telegraph, 2 Nov 2012

Books and Stuff

A weekly update of my book news.

What I've been reading...

Iain McCalman, Darwin's Armada.  The Beagle voyage is very familiar of course, but the book is very well-written, and I'm looking forward to Hooker, Huxley and Wallace.

I also turned to a couple of recent purchases.

First, John Scalzi, Old Man's War - not as profound as some on-line reviews might suggest, but still an enjoyable read.  He wears his debt to Robert Heinlein on his sleeve.  I'll look out for him in the future.

Second, A.E. van Vogt, The Voyage of the Space Beagle, which is turning out to be quite good, if of it's time.  I can't understand why I'd never read any of his books when I was going through my major sci-fi phase.

 

 What I've bought...

Jim Butcher, Grave Peril: (The Dresden Files Book Three) - £4.24.

 And I do get rid of books sometimes....

I'm not like someone I know, who seems to be trying to teach his children 'One In, One Out', but I do occasionally have a clear-out.

You never get any money from second-hand dealers, and the local charity shops only end up selling decent books for pennies, so we've had to find somewhere else.  This afternoon we sent four boxes of books to anybook.biz, who sell second-hand books on-line and send the proceeds to support the public library of your choice.  They're very easy to deal with and arrange all the pick-ups, etc.  Check them out.